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t vDv e h S. .w e e h s 2 un P. E ANU RA TN .m MP S d. d o M o IN Patented July 17, '1894;

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

-Patnted Julyv 17 s. M. TRAPP. FURNAGB.

n4: mams Pernis cov, Primo-uma.. WASHINGTON. u, c.

g UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.v

sAMUEL M. TRAPP, on cIIIcAGO, ILLINOIS, AssIGNoR, BY DIRECT AND MEsNE ASSIGNMENTS, To THE DONAUTRAPP cLIMAx GAs PRODUCER COMPANY, g

OF SAME PLACE.

sumamos.l

SPECIFICATION forming partofLetters Fatent No. 523,089, dated July 17, 1894.

Application tiled March 13, 1894. Serial No. 503.467. (N o model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SAMUEL M. TRAPP, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in thecounty of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Furnaces,'(Case No, 2,) vof which the following is a full, clear, concise, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,forming a part Io of this specification.

My invention relates to oil burning furnaces, and its object is to provide means for eiiiciently utilizing the heat obtained by the combustion of oil.

I5 My invention, in its preferred form, comprises means for passing intermingled steam and oil in contact with highly heated refractory material to decompose the same and cause the elements to unite combustively, the

zo air supplied forthe purpose of effecting complete combustion being first brought intol contact `with the highly heated refractory material whereby the temperature of the same is vraised before coming in contact with`the 2 5 steam and oil, condensation of the latter being thereby prevented. The refractory material is provided With channels or passages through which the air, admitted to the furnace, must pass before coming in contact 3o with the oil and steam, the air thus receiving the necessary heat from the refractory material to properly raise Vits temperature, and, in addition, serving to continually Withdraw heat from the refractory material thereby 3 5 preventing the burning out of the same. Theheat of combustion thus produced is then conducted to the place of application, the products of combustion being conveyed into a stack where they come in contact with and 4o serve to super-heat steam traversing a tortuous passage, the steam thus superheated being conveyed tothe mixing chamber where it is mingled with the oil, a considerable portion of the heat of the otherwise waste products of lcombustion being in this manner lutilized iny the production of heat in the furnace.

I will describe my invention more in detail in connection with the accompanying draw- 5: ings, in which y figures.

Figure l is a sectional-view of asteam boiler embodying my invention.y Fig. v2 is a front view of Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a sectional view on line 3--3, Fig. 1.- Figliis a detailview of one of the hollow tiles of refractory material. Fig. 5 is a detail view of one of the plates between Which the hollow tiles are disposed.-

' Like letters refer to likeparts in the several The superheatera is located in the smoke 6o stack a through which the products of combustion nd exit, and is connected by a steam pipe .a2 with the steam dome ofthe boiler. The superheater comprises a tortuous steam passage of Vconsiderable length so that the steam in passing therethrough may absorbl considerable heat from the gases of combustion. As shown in Fig. l the superheater comprises a coiled pipe covered with metal, ork other conducting material, to form smooth interior and ,exteriorl surfaces that prevent the lodgment thereon of soot which would tend to prevent the ready access of heat to the steam. The superheater is connected rby a pipe b `With the mixingchamber c, the pipe. extending into the chamber from the top,.its end being bent at right angles so that the steam may issue therefrom along the axis of the mixing chamber. Near the". end of the steam pipe b is located the end of thev oil duct d which is connected with anv oil reservoir. Valves b and d are located in the steam and oil pipes, respectively, for controlling the admission of steam and oil.

The rear of the mixing chamber may be provided with a door c for the admission of air orv for permitting access to the mixing chamber'. In this instance the mixing chamber is provided with four exit nozzles, but this is purely a'matter of convenience and a mixing chamber with one or more exit nozzles, or one or more mixing chambers may beprovided as may be found desirable or necessary. Opposite the exit nozzles are provided a number of vertical hollow tiles e of refrac- 95 tory material, the tiles being set in a lower plate e. .of refractory material and covered above by a plate e2 of similar material, the intermingled oil and steam issuing from the exit nozzles striking against the tiles e and zoo of air may be admitted, the same passing upward through the hollow tiles striking against the plate or wall c3 of refractory material located above the plate c, and then passing to the front, where it comes in contact with the intermingled oil and steam and passes be' tween the plates c and e2. To the rear of the hollow tiles e isprovided a checkerwork g of refractory material through which the products of combustion pass, and which absorbs the heat and permits it to pass upward into the boiler. The products of combustion after passing through the checkerwork pass through the iiues h, imparting more heat to the water, and, finally, in passing out the smoke stack, the products of combustion come in contact with the walls of the superheater a and impart heat thereto.

Vhen it is desired to put the furnace into operation, oil from the oil ductd may be admitted and ignited, the combustion of the oil serving to heat the refractory material and the checkerwork and generate a small quantity of steam which may now be admitted into the mixing chamber to intermingle with the oil and produce a more intense heat until finally steam of the desired pressure has been raised. Or the furnace may be put in operation by the provision of a grate 7c beneath the tiles e upon which a fire may be started for the purpose of generating a small quantity of steam, the products of combustion passing upward through the tiles and serving to heat the same so that when steam has been raised in suiiicient quantity the oil and steam from pipes b and d may be admitted and the furnace rapidly brought to its normal condition of operation. The door f may be provided with an opening below the level of the grate 7c, for the purpose of admitting air beneath the grate when a fire is started on the grate. During the normal operation of the furnace the door f may be opened for the admission of the required quantity of air. Where a battery ot' boilers is to be started, steam may be raised in one of the' boilers by means of the fire on the grate, and the steam generated in this boiler supplied'to the furnaces of the other boilers for the purpose of starting the same.

The tiles e during the burning of the furnace remain at a high heat and thus serve to decompose the oil and steam and cause the same to unite combustively with the air which passing through the hollow tiles is highly heated before coming in contact with the steam and oil. The air after passing through the hollow tiles is deficcted for ward by the plate or Wall e3 which is likewise highly heated, the plate serving to prevent the air from coming in contact with the cold boiler. The passage of the air through the hollow tiles, further serves, as before mentioned, to carry off the excess of lieat from the tiles which would otherwise become so intensely heated as to burn out. By this construction,complete combustion takes place while the products are passing through the refractory material, so that the gases Ofcombustion on issuing from the refractory material impart heat to the relatively cold checkerwork and boiler withoutimpairment of the efficiency of combustion. I-Ieretofore, it has been customary to effect the combustion while the products are in contact with the relatively cold objects that are to be heated, the result being that the heat absorbed by such objects greatly hinders the efficient combustion by causing a condensation of the oil and steam vapors and a cooling of the air. By the construction of my invention, complete combustion is effected while the products are passing through the highly heated refractory material, the gases of combustion coming in contact with the relatively cold objects to be heated after the completion of the combustion.

The application of my invention to water` tube boilers, or to any form of furnace will be apparent, and I do not, therefore, desire to limit myself to particulars, but

Having described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. The combination with the hollow tiles e disposed between the plates c e2 of refractory material, of the oil and steam nozzles disposed opposite said tiles, air inlets beneath said tiles, and the wall ci of refractory material above said tiles, substantially as de scribed.

2. The combination with upper and lower walls, of hollow tiles of refractory material disposed between the same, oil and steam nozzles disposed opposite said tiles, air inlets beneath said tiles, and a passageway leading from the upper ends of said tiles to the mingled jet of steam and oil issuing from said nozzles; whereby the air is passed through the tiles before coming in contact with the oil and steam, substantially as described.

3. The combination with refractory material, of oil and steam nozzles disposed opposite the same, interior channels provided in said refractory material inaccessible to the oil and steam issuing from said nozzles, air' inlets in communication with said interior channels, and a passageway leading from said channels tothe mingled jet of steam and oil issuing from said nozzles; whereby the air is passed through the interior channels before coming in contact with the oil and steam, substantially as described.

In witness whereof I hereunto subscribe my name this 10th day of March, A. D. 1894.

SAMUEL M. TRAPP. Witnesses:

GEORGE L. CRAGG, ROBERT BARLow.

IIC 

